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Research Interests
Performance Engineering [2005-2013]
The increasing complexity of modern communication systems and devices as well as the shorter product cycles force system developers to consider the performance of their products as early as possible. Therefore, performance aspects become more and more important in today's system design and should be considered during the whole development cycle.
Performance Engineering is a wholistic approach towards product design keeping performance issues to the front throughout the development cycle. In general, the developers add non-functional requirements to the functional system model. From experience and measurements of previous systems, the developers try to model the expected performance and demand of each individual system component after which the system can be analysed and compared to the requirements.
We look at this topic from two different sides. On the one hand, the performance aware modelling helps the developers to understand the impact of design choices already during the design phase. On the other hand, it is also necessary to be able to predict the run time of systems on future platforms. This holds especially for embedded devices where special purpose processors are tailored according to the developer's needs. Thus, the developers have to be aware which particular feature they would like to have in future platforms. In this case, it is helpful to see how new features behave before real hardware is produced.
As an industry-wide standard design language, the Unified Modelling Language (UML) provides means for annotating models with performance measures using the UML Profile for Schedulability, Performance, and Time (SPT-profile). From those annotated system models, a performance model may be generated which is then used to analyse the system in order to identify performance bottlenecks as early as possible. Common performance models used for this purpose include queueing networks, Petri nets, or event-driven simulation, depending on the level of detail requested and available. Additionally, measurements using prototype implementations provide further insight that complements the analytical estimates gained from the earlier development steps.
SysML, Model-Driven-Architecture, and the upcoming UML profile for "Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time and Embedded systems" (MARTE) are going to introduce a significant help for the developers on this field.
On the platform side, we focused our research on trying to predict changes of widely used embedded platforms. The ARM microprocessor is the core of Texas Instruments' OMAP boards and as such used in many embedded systems (e.g. mobile phones, DVD players, routers etc.). In order to evaluate new hardware designs already during early stages of the product development process when prototype hardware is not yet available, it is important to understand the performance characteristics of ARM processors and of the whole platform on different levels of abstraction. One approach to achieve this is to use the execution trace of an existing application on an existing hardware platform and analyse the run time of this code trace on a model of a target hardware platform. If the application itself is well understood, i.e. timing and resource requirements are known, the processor model may focus on the mere timing of instructions, avoiding the need for a detailed functional emulation of the hardware platform. This greatly simplifies the implementation of the hardware model since an interpretation of the application code is not required. By allowing for a parametrisation of the model, new features or whole platform modifications can be analysed and their impact on the application can be understood.
In this context, the tool U2Q has been developed that allows developers to estimate the performance of UML system models even before prototypes exist.
Tracking of mobile devices using GSM/UMTS, Wireless LAN, and Bluetooth [2007-]
Localisation and tracking of mobile devices became popular application scenarios and have a growing market. More and more embedded devices and especially mobile phones are deployed with GPS receivers to determine their positions. Nevertheless, there are reasons where a non-GPS localisation is useful, e.g. GPS is not available or unusable. In these cases, GSM, wireless LAN, and Bluetooth may be used to determine the position. When all three technologies are combined, a very precise tracking is possible. Further, these technologies may be used to guide a user. This specially applies in-house where GPS coordinates are useless since they do not help to find a particular office or printer. Since most building are equipped with wireless LAN accesspoints, computers have bluetooth and wireless adapters, these may be used to identify the users position.
Handheld Based User Experience Measuring in GSM/UMTS Cellular Networks [2006, 2008-]
The most important benchmark for a cellar network provider is the quality of its services from the end-user's point of view. From plain voice services, the modern application for such networks include multimedia services like MMS, video-calls, and movie playbacks as well as E-mail, internet access, and SMS. While every part of the network (from the backbone to the individual end-user device) can be monitored, these measurements do not suffice to estimate the user experience.
Therefore, we developed web-service based applications that run on mobile end-user devices and automatically measure means like the end-to-end delay for establishing a call, transmission time for sending and receiving an E-mail or MMS etc. The particular test run automatically on the mobile phone and transmit their measurements to a web-server for further analysis. Both, the applications and the test parameters are loaded from the web-server and thus, allow for running an up-to-date version of the test suit as well as a centralised configuration of the test cases.
List of Publications
2013
- Lukas Pustina
"Dynamische Instruktionstrace-Komposition - Ein Verfahren zur realistischen Laufzeitbewertung von Entwürfen für Smartphoneanwendungen"
Dissertation, Der Andere Verlag, ISBN 978-3-86247-381-6
2011
- Simon Schwarzer, Patrick Peschlow, Lukas Pustina, Peter Martini
"Automatic Estimation of Performance Requirements for Software Tasks of Mobile Devices"
ICPE'11: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, ACM, New York, NY, USA, Karlsruhe, Germany, March 2011, acceptance ratio 30%
http://icpe2011.ipd.kit.edu
2009
- Pavel Pustina, Albert Bradac, Lukas Pustina
"Möglichkeiten zur Eingrenzung der Kollisionstelle auf der Fahrbahn anhand des Splitterfeldes"
Proceedings of the XVIII. International Scientific Conference on Forensic Engineering
Brno, Czech Republic, January 23-24, 2009
- Lukas Pustina, Michael Gerharz, Peter Martini, Simon Schwarzer,
Volker Deichmann
"A Practical Approach for Performance-Driven UML Modelling of Handheld Devices - A Case Study"
Journal of Systems and Software, Volume 82, Issue 1, Special Issue: Software Performance - Modeling and Analysis
January 2009
[pdf].
2008
- Lukas Pustina, Peter Martini, Simon Schwarzer
"Using Representative Intervals for Trace-Based Performance Analysis of Mobile Phone Use Cases"
Proceedings of the 24th UK Performance Engineering Workshop
UKPEW 2008, London, UK, July 3-4, 2008
- Lukas Pustina, Peter Martini, Simon Schwarzer
"A Methodology for Performance Predictions of Future ARM Systems Modelled in UML"
Proceedings of the 2nd Annual IEEE International Systems Conference
Syscon 2008, Montreal, Canada, April 7-10, 2008
[pdf].
- Edmund Coersmeier, Sven Jaborek, Patrick Paul, Martin Bucker, Marc Hoffmann, Lukas Pustina, Simon Schwarzer, Felix Leder, Peter Martini
"Multicore Processing for Object Recognition in Mobile Devices"
Proceedings of the embedded world Conference 2008
embedded world Conference 2008, Nürnberg, Germany, February 26-27, 2008
[pdf].
2007
- Pavel Pustina, Albert Bradac, Lukas Pustina
"Bestimmung der Kollisionsgeschwindigkeit bei Fußgängerunfällen"
Proceedings of the XVI. EVU-Conference 2007: Uncertainty in Reconstruction of Road Accidents
EVU 2007, Krakau, Poland, November 8-11, 2007
[pdf].
- Lukas Pustina, Michael Gerharz, Peter Martini, Simon Schwarzer,
Volker Deichmann
"Performance Evaluation of a DVB-H Enabled Mobile Device System Model"
Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Software and Performance
WOSP 2007, Buenos Aires, Argentina, February 5-8, 2007, pp. 164-171
[pdf].
2006
- Lukas Pustina, Michael Gerharz, Peter Martini, Simon Schwarzer,
Volker Deichmann
"Performance Aware Design of Communication Systems"
Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
LCN 2006, Tampa, Florida, November 14-16, 2006, pp. 39-46
[pdf].
2005
- Lukas Pustina
"Performance Evaluation of UML System Architectures in Early Stages of Development"
Diploma Thesis, Sep. 2005
Teaching
Winter Semester 2009/10
Lectures
- Exercises to "Systemnahe Programmierung" (lecture by Dr. Frank)
Summer Semester 2009
Diploma Theses
- "Konzeption eines Simulationsmodells für die Leistungsbewertung ARM-basierter Plattformen in frühen Phasen der Entwicklung", Daniel Panteleit
Labs
Lectures
- Exercises to "Mobile Communication" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and . Dr. Frank)
Winter Semester 2008/09
Labs
- Robert Peter
- "Erstellung eines Online-Verwalters mit dem Google Web Toolkit" , Markus Zilken
- B-IT Lab
Lectures
- Exercises to "High Performance Networking" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Prof. Dr. Marron)
Summer Semester 2008
Labs
- Thomas Bosch
- "Kompression von Trace-Dateien", Michael Goetz
- B-IT Lab
Lectures
- Exercises to "Mobile Communication" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
Winter Semester 2007/08
Diploma Theses
- "Desgin and Evaluation of a SystemC based Timing Model for Future Embedded Device Architectures", Klaus Goffart
- "Performance Evaluation of UML System Architectures with Characteristics-based Trace Analysis", Gabriel Klein
- "Entwicklung eines abstrakten Prozessormodells in CoFluent mit graphischer Konfiguration", Sebastian Lüdigk
- "Performance Evaluation of UML System Architectures with Extended Queueing Networks in early Stages of Development ", Sascha Schulz
Labs
- "Mobile Phone based Localisation", Raja Mehlem
- Robert Peter
- "J2EE based Job Scheduling System", Alexander Bothe
- "RFID based Authentification System for Linux", Nachiket Apte
Lectures
- Exercises to "Data Communication and Internet Technology" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
Summer Semester 2007
Diploma Theses
- "A Methodology for UML-based Scenario Modeling for Assembler Trace-based Simulation", Florian Trossbach
Labs
Lectures
- Lecture to "Informatik II" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini)
- Exercises to "Mobile Communication" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
Winter Semester 2006/07
- Exercises to "Data Communication and Internet Technology" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
- Lab "Software-Erweiterung einer UML zu Queueing-Netz Anwendung"
- Lab "Job spooling in heteregenious network environments" (B-IT-Lab)
Summer Semester 2006
- Exercises to "Advanced Topics in Data Communication and Internet Technology" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
- Lab "Peer-to-peer job spooling system" and "Multipurpose network packet generator" (B-IT-Lab)
Winter Semester 2005/06
- Exercises to "Data Communication and Internet Technology" (lecture by Prof. Dr. Martini and Dr. Frank)
